Streaming entertainment
Netflix: Ads and Paid Sharing in a Maturing Streaming Market
In 2022–2023 Netflix introduced a lower-priced ad-supported plan and began charging for account sharing. Paid memberships rose by about 29.5 million in 2023.
Company background
Documented factNetflix, Inc. began as a DVD-by-mail rental service and introduced streaming in 2007. It now operates a subscription streaming service in over 190 countries.
In late 2022 Netflix launched a lower-priced plan with advertising. In 2023 it expanded “paid sharing,” which asks members who share an account with people outside their household to pay extra or have those people start their own memberships.
Financial snapshot
Documented fact| Measure | 2023 | 2022 |
|---|---|---|
| Revenues | $33.72 billion | $31.62 billion |
| Operating income | $6.95 billion | $5.63 billion |
| Operating margin | 21% | 18% |
| Paid net membership additions | 29.5 million | 8.9 million |
| Paid memberships at year end | 260.3 million | 230.7 million |
The business problem
AnalysisMembership growth slowed in 2022 as the streaming market became crowded with rivals and many households were already subscribed, both signs of a maturing market. Many viewers watched through shared passwords and paid nothing.
Strategic analysis
Analysis- The ad-supported plan is a lower-priced product for price-sensitive segments, plus a new revenue stream from advertisers.
- Paid sharing turned non-paying viewers into paying customers. This is value capture from people the service already created value for.
- KPIs like paid net additions and operating margin let managers see whether the strategy worked: both improved in 2023.
Decision simulation
Grow a fictional streaming service
Your service's growth has stalled and many viewers share passwords. Choose your strategy.
Outcomes come from a simplified teaching model built by astrastudy. They are not predictions, and they are not what the company actually did or would experience.
Paying members (millions)
50
0 vs. start
Operating margin
15%
0 vs. start
Customer goodwill
65
0 vs. start
Decision 1 of 3
Many viewers use shared passwords. What do you do?
Key business lessons
- Segmented pricing (an ad tier) can reach price-sensitive customers without cutting prices for everyone.
- Capturing value from people who already benefit from a product can drive growth in a mature market.
- Tracking KPIs against prior years shows whether a strategy is working.
Test yourself on this case
AP-style multiple-choice questions with detailed explanations after each answer.
Sources
- Netflix, Inc. Form 10-K (fiscal year 2023) · U.S. SEC EDGAR · accessed 2026-10-30
Company names are used to identify the businesses discussed. Figures are reported as published in the cited filings. Hypothetical sections and simulation outcomes are invented for teaching.